Human trials
Ketosis, appetite, and measured calorie intake
Effect of a plant-based, low-fat diet versus an animal-based, ketogenic diet on ad libitum energy intake
Published
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Fasting Free source summary: https://fastingfree.com/education/hall-2021-ketogenic-intake/
PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY
What it found
Energy intake was 689 ± 73 kcal/day lower on the low-fat diet over two weeks (mean ± SE; P < 0.0001). Ketosis was established on the ketogenic diet. The difference in total body fat lost between diets was not statistically clear (P = 0.085).
Keep these limits in view
Short duration, different food sources, fiber and energy density, and no washout limit interpretation. The significant fat-loss-rate analysis is a different result from the nonsignificant end-period fat-mass comparison. One participant withdrew with hypoglycemia.
Understand the context
- Evidence type
- Randomized inpatient crossover feeding trial
- Population or scope
- Adults aged 18–39 without diabetes, living in an NIH metabolic ward
- Sample or coverage
- 21 randomized; 20 completed and were analyzed
- Study duration or data period
- Two weeks per diet; four continuous inpatient weeks
- Comparison
- An animal-based ketogenic diet versus a plant-based low-fat diet, with unrestricted amounts of provided food and no washout.
- Measured outcomes
- Primary: average energy intake across each two-week period and its final week. Exploratory: appetite, DXA body composition, and metabolic measures. Daily blood ketones were measured in 15 completers.
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