FASTING FREE RESEARCH CONVERSATION SHEET
Questions for a conversation
Questions for discussion, not a personal fasting, diet or treatment plan.
Which outcome would you choose before reading the results, and would the paper actually answer it?
Fitness and fasting · Guide references 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Where does the paper describe what participants did rather than what they were instructed to do?
Fitness and fasting · Guide references 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Reading behind these questions
These references support the original guides, which explain the study populations, methods and limits. They do not assess individual suitability. Questions marked “Your wording” have been edited and have not received an additional source or clinical review.
- Fitness, muscle and fasted traininghttps://fastingfree.com/education/research/fitness-and-fasting/Recorded source-check date: 2026-11-05
Independent clinical review of this educational synthesis has not been completed.
Reference appendix · 8 sources
Moro et al. (October 13, 2016). Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males. Journal of Translational Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-016-1044-0 Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5064803/
Tinsley et al. (July 3, 2019). Time-restricted feeding plus resistance training in active females: a randomized trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz126 Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6735806/
Vieira et al. (May 7, 2025). Impact of Overnight Fasted State Versus Fed State on Adaptations to Resistance Training: A Randomized Clinical Trial. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2024-0215 Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40335157/
Blake et al. (April 16, 2025). Hypercaloric 16:8 time-restricted eating during 8 weeks of resistance exercise in well-trained men and women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2025.2492184 Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12006946/
Morton et al. (July 11, 2017). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608 Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5867436/
Iwayama et al. (October 30, 2015). Exercise Increases 24-h Fat Oxidation Only When It Is Performed Before Breakfast. EBioMedicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.10.029 Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4703705/
Schoenfeld et al. (November 18, 2014). Body composition changes associated with fasted versus non-fasted aerobic exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-014-0054-7 Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12970-014-0054-7
Mountjoy et al. (September 2023). 2023 International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). British Journal of Sports Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994 Source: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/57/17/1073